Chinese wine market: Through the valley of recession

Chinese wine market: Through the valley of recession

Photo and Text : Maxime LU

In recent years, policy to clampdown gifting and ostentatious display of wealth among officials, along with decelerated growth of Chinese economy has sent Chinese wine market into trough period. In a different perspective however, it also signals opportunities for return of a much healthy,amorepersonal- consumption oriented wine market. Such transition has promoted domestic wine industry to be explored and try new market model. Foreign wine makers and wine regionassociations have found out the capital that they invested in brand promotion didn’t bring satisfactory result in recent years. Adjusting strategies and adopting more effective measures, effectively increasing brand awareness are many wine industry business objectives, here are a few points that need special attention:

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1.Make sure your brand image isheard as widely as possible.

Paying attention to the propagation accuracy and diversity is one of the keys. Organizers invest time, manpower and material resources to host a perfect dinner or tasting event, but often reluctant to invest more resources and efforts on the propagation. Without enough exposure to propagate the brand image expressed by these events adequately, nor do enough distribution channels to let target audiences to understand your promotion campaign, it is undoubtedly getting half the result for the same effort. Increasing your brand activities exposures as much as possible is the most important part, it doesn’t necessarily means you have to invest a large sum of budget. By choosing a flexible promotion model and correct channels which can achieve high rate of dissemination, your promotion activity can achieve effects of multiple promotion campaigns.

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2.Select the effective brandcommunication channels.

Choosing traditional media with precise target audience such as paper magazines and books, or faster spreading and higher flexibility media such as websites, APP,public WeChat channel, but also from included self-published media like blog,Weibo and Circle of Friends of WeChat Channel. As the whole society has entered the age of Multi-media, business must have a clear  understanding and enough analysis on: their main target audience, considerations of timeliness, channel efficiency and coverage, as well as the cost of each delivery channel. As for the traditional paper media whose influences have been weakened gradually, one must take into account the reality of its circulation and delivery site, compared to this, wine books have even narrower distribution.

Now let us move to self-publishing media.In order to attract more original contents, a lot of major platforms have endowed wider distribution of its content via multidevice/ OS friendly platform, such as PCfriendly, mobile browser friendly and app. In this era where a friend gathering evolved into a much-maligned scene where everyone bows to play their mobiles, the visitor volume of a rising self-publishing media on PC and mobile browser views may not be high, but the visitors volume on its related channel on their mobile apps platform is usually rather impressive while being more accurate at the same time. These distribution channels have a better dissemination of results, on the other hand, the price-efficiency of releasing news with self-publishing media at this stage is not bad at all.

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3.Comprehensive considerationand choosing flexible way to promote.

Trainings, lectures, wine exhibitions are common ways to promote but mainly limited to the wine industry professionals only. In addition, one can leverage with using the Chamber of Commerce or association to represent the overall image of a wine producing region, selecting high traffic supermarkets, shopping malls, organic markets to carry out wine culture themed festivals, or even promote experient ial market ing in the now personal-consumption dominated market. For example, most of the Chilean wine are suitable for everyday drinking, they are easy to resonate with their fruit & sweet spices aroma as the leading aroma, easy to drink, soft tannins, easy to access and higher acceptance to primary consumers, are particularly suitable for this type of experiential marketing, coupled with the Chilean wine price advantage, it can directly and efficiently attract to customers.

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2015 will be the year of recovery for the wine market, although not necessarily a substantial growth, but judging the data from the past few months and feedbacks from vintners of different scale, we are optimistic about this year’s rebound. In the past two years, Chinese wine industry has invested heavily to popularize and promote the wine culture and it has achieved initial success, more and more consumers who have been purchasing power of wine began to understand the basic wine knowledge. Some consumers who are interested in wine have even equipped themselves with advanced wine knowledge, and gradually developed themselves as opinion leaders in their own social circles.

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Demand of China’s  personal-consumption market also grows vigorously in market cultivation and wine culture education&promotion. At the present, it is a critical time for wine-producing countries, like Chile, to further open up a new prospect in the Chinese market. Stable quality, suitable taste for the market, the tariff gimmick, these should be anenduring promotion campaign instead of several intensive period of promotion activities. You do not have to burn money to carry out a largescale activities, as long as you rely on the industry associations or chambers of commerce that can easily win public trust, you can just cyclically carry out some small but propagation-effect oriented activities. This doesn’t need a lot of money but precise positioning, appropriate and flexible pattern, and strategies that suits the status quo for the Chinese market. Currently the major producing countries are actively promoting to seize market share in China, if not being aggressive at the moment, one will eventually fall behind and cede out the market one has won.

更有效的葡萄酒市场推广的几点建议

图文 / 陆江(Maxime LU)

(本文已刊登于 1756chile.com 的专栏)

  近年来,因为三公消费限制的政策,以及整个中国经济增长放缓,中国葡萄酒市场步入了低谷期。从另一方面来看,也是回归以个人消费为主的健康市场的契机。这一转型,促使国内葡萄酒行业进行新的市场推广模式的探索和尝试。尤其近年来国外葡萄酒厂商和产区协会在中国进行品牌推广时发现,经常是钱花出去了但是效果并不如人意。如何调整策略,采用更有效的措施,在将品牌推向市场时能事半功倍,以下几个点需要特别注意:

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  1. 确保品牌活动的声音能尽可能被传递出去。

重视传播的精准性多样性是关键之一。主办方投入时间、人力和物力举办一场尽善尽美的晚宴或者品鉴酒会,但是经常不愿意在传播上投入多些资源和心思。没有把品牌活动带来的形象诉求充分宣传出去,没有足够的发布渠道让目标受众了解到你的推广活动,无疑是事倍功半。尽可能把品牌活动的声音推出去才是最重要的,不需要斥以重金,选择灵活的推广模式和能达到传播效果的正确渠道,做一次活动就能达到多次活动的效果。

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  2. 选择有效的品牌传播渠道。

选择目标精准的传统媒体合作如纸质杂志、书籍,也可以选择传播快,更灵活的媒体如网站、APP、微信公众号,也包括自媒体的博客、微博和微信朋友圈。在全社会泛媒体时代,必须有足够清醒的认知和分析:品牌主要针对的受众是哪一个层面的,时效性的考量,渠道到达的效率和覆盖面,还有各投放渠道的成本等。对于影响力减弱的传统纸媒,必须现实的考虑到它的发行量和投放场所,相比之下葡萄酒类书籍更要窄一些。现在特别要提一下自媒体,现在很多门户大平台,为了吸引更多原创内容,给了自媒体更大的发布平台其中分PC端、手机浏览器端和手机新闻客户端。在这个饱受诟病的朋友聚会演变为各自低头玩手机的时代,对于新兴的自媒体来说,它的PC端和手机浏览器端访问量可能并不高,但是其所在的大平台的手机新闻客户端的相关频道访问量往往相当可观,同时比较精准,这类发布渠道有较佳的传播效果,而且现阶段通过自媒体发布的性价比也不错。

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 3. 综合考量,选择灵活多样的推广方式。

培训、讲座、酒展等都是常见的推广方式,主要还是针对葡萄酒行业人士。此外还可以以商会或协会代表产区整体形象,选择客流量大的超市、商场、有机农夫集市等开展葡萄酒文化主题节庆活动,针对现在个人消费为主的市场,推广体验式营销。以智利葡萄酒为例,大多数适合日常饮用的中低端酒,有果香、甜香料等易共鸣的香气为主导,圆润易饮,单宁柔和,容易被初级消费者接受。尤其适合这类体验式营销,再加上智利酒自身的性价比优势,去直接高效地吸引到客户。

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2015将是葡萄酒市场开始复苏的一年,虽然不见得有大幅的增长,但从过去几个月的数据和从不同规模酒商那里得到的反馈,都看好今年的回升。整个行业在过去两年大力投入对于葡萄酒文化的普及和推广的努力也已经初见成效,越来越多具有购买力的葡萄酒消费者对于葡萄酒基本认知开始有所了解。一些对葡萄酒有兴趣的消费者,更是具备了进阶的葡萄酒知识,逐渐发展成为自己社交圈里的意见领袖。

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中国的个人消费市场需求也在市场培育和葡萄酒文化教育推广中快速增长。当下对于像智利等产区国在中国市场上想进一步打开局面的话,其实是关键的时机。稳定的品质,适合市场的口味风格,零关税的噱头。这应是一场持久的推广战役,而不是一段时期的几次密集式的活动。并不一定要烧钱做大规模活动,只要以容易取得公众信服力的行业协会或商会作为依托,周期做一些小规模但重视传播效果的活动。并不需要大量资金,需要的是精准的定位,恰当灵活的方式,适合中国市场现状的策略。目前各大产区国都在积极推广,抢占中国市场份额,如果不积极进取,终究会不进则退,把已经赢得的市场拱手相让出去。

2015年份报告:澳大利亚

编译:王智慧

让我们从好消息说起,2015年澳大利亚许多重要产区的产品品质非常好,甚至可说是出色。坏消息则是产量较低。

今年依然延续了持续十年之久的早收趋势,尤其是克莱尔谷,今年是它最早进行采收工作的年份之一。Barry Wines的酿酒师Peter Barry认为不能把克莱尔谷的情况简单总结为未预测到,“我们采收赤霞珠的同时绝不可能采收西拉和雷司令。西拉和雷司令的采收时间上确实还有一些重叠,但赤霞珠和它们绝对是没有的。今年是我们采收红葡萄最早的年份,很不寻常。”

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恰巧Barry数月之前曾购买了一台筛选和破碎机,能够配合红白葡萄品种同时收获,“谢天谢地不然我们真是无处堆放,虽然产量还是下跌了。” 一些种植红葡萄品种的葡萄园产量下跌了60%,然而,“雷司令要比去年更好。红葡萄品种的品质非常不错。虽然乳酸发酵还没有完成,但是我们已经确认这批葡萄将用于酿造高端酒比如Armagh”。

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澳大利亚葡萄研究所种植学家Mardi Longbottom博士,与全区的种植者和生产者打交道,认为同时采收白葡萄和红葡萄品种确实是极其少见的情形。

所以到底发生了什么呢?”温暖的春天会缩短成熟期造成早收。”Longbottomg解释说,“气候在变化,我们应对这种情形已经十多年了”。但由于澳大利亚地域广阔,地区、产区、葡萄园之间的情形有很大不同,最终表现还是会有不少差异。

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玛格丽特河今年创造了一个极好年份,虽然春季的风暴减少了产量,尤其是霞多丽。Vasse Felix的酿酒师Virginia Willcock因此喜忧参半,“玛格丽特河霞多丽的需求量是很大的,尤其是品质这么好,却没有足够的量供应。赤霞珠也是。”

维多利亚的莫宁顿半岛是优秀的黑皮诺和霞多丽的产区。 Kooyong 和Port Phillip 的酿酒师Sandro Mosele讲,“按照官方说法,这是一个非常有前途的年份。但个人角度去看,它也许是我所亲自经历过的,产出酒体最平衡、优雅、精致的年份。”

雅拉谷同样表现出色,Barossa酒体强劲。

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虽然官方完整数据还未出炉,澳大利亚酿酒师联盟CEO Paul Evans总结,“泛泛的讲,今年有一个匆忙的收获季。天气对大多数葡萄园来说是友好的。品质优秀。我听说在有些地方被描述为‘教科书’一样完美”。尽管在部分地区出现了暴雨、大风以及野火等情形,因在生长季后期,并未有大影响,Evan说,“整体的共识是我们躲过了一劫。”

但是在猎人谷,暴雨是这个2015需要面对的严峻挑战,。夏季暴雨影响到了收成,尤其是在 Pokolbin地区,一些葡萄园受到了冰雹袭击。

一月,南澳阿黛莱德山区烧起了一场为期一周的肆虐的森林大火。毁掉了Sampson附近的几个葡萄园。非常不幸,一些非常棒的葡萄园的果实已经检测确认受到了烟雾污染。万幸的是大部分葡萄园并未被波及,依然有个好收成,品质受到好评。

文章出处:www.wine-searcher.com

木桐价格发布点燃波尔多期酒市场

编译: 王智慧

经过几个星期的评论猜测,伴着漫天飞的小道消息,2014年份波尔多期货战役于本周二上午全面发动,木桐酒庄发布了它的酒商价格: €240/$263。虽然上两周已经有一些酒庄陆续放价,但是一级庄的发声才标志着一切开始并为此定下基调。更多价格预计将在未来几天公布。

疑问还是那个:消费者是否会为2014年份买账,开启“买买买”模式?
波尔多正面临着全面性的挑战:连续四年期酒销售萎靡不振,酒商的酒窖里还积压着大量没卖出去的库存。许多美国和欧洲的波尔多忠实客户现在更倾向于那些名气不高但是品质优秀的酒庄,以及尝试其他产区。而财大气粗的中国买家则在横扫昂贵的2009年份期酒之后,渐渐的不见动作。

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波尔多市区交易广场/陆江摄

说明白一些,现在的市场,一切决定于价格。
期货其实就是在未装瓶之前提前销售,让中间商和卖家从与两三年之后正式上市的实际酒价差里赚取利润,酒庄也缓解了它的现金流压力。但事实上是,在过去的五年里,即使是经典年份2009和2010,这种交易方式由于酒庄的高定价使得最后都没有什么利润可言。

美国和英国的酒商,甚至波尔多的中间商,都曾力荐酒庄保持2014年的价格与不景气的2013年持平,若能降低些则更佳。美国的零售商表示,“美元强势绝不是他们提高价格的理由”。伦敦酒商Giles Cooper 这样讲,“我们需要回到正常的期货轨道上。”

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波尔多市区钟楼/陆江摄

波尔多人最不爱聊的话题之一就是2013年期酒
虽然与2009、2010尚有差距,但不可否认2014是自2010来的最好年份。波尔多酒庄也觉得很委屈:好年份为什么不能加点钱,如果我定价与2013年份相同,之前的年份以后还怎么卖?!

刻薄之极的伦敦人这样回应:请记得2013年期酒是一场灾难,为2014年份的期酒提高价格试图保护2013年份的行为,就好像为了杀掉一个健康的年轻人以救活一条已死去的狗。

法国波尔多最有影响力的买家之一:来自拥有550个门店的连锁超市Leclerc Group的发言人 Dider Coustou对“2013年的波尔多期酒是场灾难”这个说法表示同意,“这是个死去的年份,不幸的是,我们居然买了一些。” Leclerc平均每年会花费2000万-3500万购买期酒,但Dider Coustou表示今年即使有投入,也不会有这么多,“如果价格太夸张,我们是不会跟的。”

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波尔多葡萄园/陆江摄

目前为止,酒庄表现的还算从善如流
2014年期酒放价从Château Prieuré-Lichine(荔仙酒庄)开始,酒商价格€26 ($28.50),Château Gazin(嘉仙酒庄)为€39.60 ($43.40),这像是一个对消费者的初试探,两者比2013年仅有些微增长。而苏岱地区的Châteaus Suduiraut(苏笛洛酒庄)和Château Coutet(古岱庄园)酒商价格与2013年相同,分别为€42 ($46) 和€24 ($26)。

但人们仍抱着警惕之心在等一个更有代表性的、更有力的“我们不贵,买吧“的信号。木桐绝对是有这个身份和力度的,但是消费者会对这个价格满意么:2014年份€240的价格与2012年份相同,比2013年份上涨了11%。木桐的酒商可以寄望于2014年份的未来的市场价将低于除了2013年份之外的近年来的所有年份。

让我们再次感谢欧元的不景气
请注意:木桐2014年份给酒商的期酒价格比2013年上涨了11%是相对欧元而言,而在过去的六个月里欧元兑美元的汇率下降了25%,降至1:1.1,那么相对于美元来说,就是比2013年有个12%左右的降价。2013年发布的美元价格是 $298.75,今年是 $263。

多亏了美元坚挺,欧元颓势,波尔多酒商减少了不少以往年份的库存,比起去年那个难过的冬天,波尔多一下子吐气扬眉了很多。但是这仅是对现货交易而言,对于期酒市场,美国人非常明确的表示:“仅凭汇率差价,完全不足以让我们回心转意。”

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波尔多市区葡萄酒大厦夜景/陆江摄

如果美国人不买,谁会买呢?
亚洲市场潜力依然巨大,但购买力跟五年前已经无法同日而语。中国买家先是在看不到利益的2010年份价格前驻足不前,同时中国政府采取的强硬政策打压了官员和国有企业高管,再也无法带动消费。

香港Wong Hau Plastic Works的副总裁,著名葡萄酒收藏家George Tong认为,“中国大陆的有钱人现在不敢出手,大肆购买奢侈品,包括葡萄酒的行为简直是对政府的挑衅。”George Tong以£12,000/箱的期酒价格购买了2010年的拉菲,这款葡萄酒目前的价格是12瓶£6,000英镑多一点。他乐观的表示,“这可能是拉菲有史以来最好的年份之一了,我相信价格最终会升上去。”

欧洲期酒市场则被Leclerc为代表的买家影响着,但Lecrec近年来已不断减少列级庄的销售比例,增加凸显性价比优势的中级庄葡萄酒。

一言以蔽之,木桐已经亮出了态度,让我们继续坐观其他酒庄是否愿意与买家们讲和。

原文出处:www.winespectator.com